Initiation

It is becoming common in many states: citizens seizing the opportunity to reclaim government from politicians by signing a petition to put an initiative on the ballot and then voting on it. During the past decade alone, Americans voted on nearly 500 statewide initiatives. Particularly in the West, direct legislation increasingly defines and dominates the political agenda. Although this may appear to be democracy in action, Richard Ellis warns us that the initiative process may be putting democracy at risk. In Democratic Delusions he offers a critical analysis of the statewide initiative process in the United States, challenging readers to look beyond populist rhetoric and face political reality. Through engaging prose and illuminating anecdotes, Ellis shows readers the "dark side" of direct democracy -- specifically the undemocratic consequences that result from relying too heavily on the initiative process. He provides historical context to the development of initiatives -- from their Populist and Progressive roots to their accelerated use in recent decades -- and a comparative context in which to understand the variations among states in their initiative processes. While acknowledging the positive contribution of initiatives, Ellis shows that there are reasons to use them carefully and sparingly: ill-considered initiatives can subvert legislative checks and balances, undermine the deliberative process, and threaten the rights of minority groups. Today's initiative process, Ellis cautions, is dominated not by ordinary citizens but by politicians, perennial activists, wealthy interests, and well-oiled initiative machines. The importance of ballot titles in shaping the electoraloutcome means that initiative elections often tell us more about the values of those who sponsor and frame initiatives than it does about the citizens who vote on them.

Since Peter Senge published his groundbreaking book "The Fifth Discipline, he and his associates have frequently been asked by the business community: "How do we go beyond the first steps of corporate change?" They know that companies and organizations cannot thrive today without learning to adapt their attitudes and practices. But companies that establish change initiatives discover, after initial success, that even the most promising efforts to transform or revitalize organizations can fail to sustain themselves over time. That's because organizations have complex, well-developed immune systems, aimed at preserving the status quo. Now, drawing upon new theories about leadership and the long-term success change initiatives, and based upon twenty-five years of experience building learning organizations, the authors of "The Fifth Discipline Fieldbook show how to accelerate success and avoid the obstacles that can stall momentum. The Dance of Change, written managers and executives at every level of an organization, reveals how business leaders can work together to anticipate the challenges that profound change will ultimately force the organization to face. Filled with in-depth accounts of sustaining learning initiatives by managers and leaders in the field, and well-tested practical advice, The Dance of Change provides an insider's perspective on implementing learning and change initiatives at such corporations as Ford Motor Company, General Electric and Shell Oil. It offers crucial advice for those who are struggling to put change initiatives into practice.

Initiation (chemistry) - In chemistry initiation is a chemical reaction that triggers one or more secondary reactions. Often the initiation reaction generates a reactive intermediate from a stable molecule which is then involved in secondary reactions.

Sacraments of Initiation - The Sacraments of Initiation are those rituals by which one comes to be one of Christ's Faithful. The three Sacrements of Initiation are Baptism, the Eucharist, and Confirmation.

Initiation (phonetics) - In phonetics, initiation is the action by which an air-flow is created through the vocal tract. Along with articulation, it is one of the two mandatory aspects of sound production:â€Š without initiation, there is no sound.

Initiation - Coming from the Latin, initiation implies a beginning. The related verb, initiate, means to begin or start a particular action, event, circumstance, or happening.

initiation

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